A 65nm CMOS 60GHz Quadrature Signal Generator for Low-Phase-Noise Millimeter-Wave Synthesis

This paper presents a 60 GHz quadrature-phase signal generator formed by a 20 GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) integrated with an Injection-Locked Tripler (ILT), fabricated in 65nm CMOS technology. The frequency synthesizer achieves a post-layout simulated output range of 57.6–65.4 GHz through ILT-based tripling, with a phase noise of −104.67 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. By incorporating an optimized injection-locking topology and quadrature-coupling network, the proposed design attains superior phase noise performance while providing a highly integrated local oscillator solution for millimeter-wave communication systems.