Techno-Economic Study of Solar-Hydrogen Hybrid Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles in Bangladesh

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has made the role of electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) increasingly significant. Incorporating multiple low-carbon energy sources into EVCS can support the advancement of sustainable energy solutions. This paper introduces a technical and economic methodology to assess a novel off-grid hybrid PV-hydrogen energy-powered charging station in Rangamati, Bangladesh, created to satisfy plug-in electric vehicles' daily charging needs. Solar panels, hydrogen, and battery energy storage devices are all included in the charging stations (CSs). The energy exchange of charging stations is made possible by EVs. HOMER software is used to design and simulate the concept. The solar system employs photovoltaic (PV) panels to produce electricity for direct electric vehicle charging or battery storage. An electrolyzer is used in the hydrogen system to produce hydrogen, which is subsequently stored in highpressure tanks and utilized in a fuel cell to provide energy for charging electric vehicles. The annual average solar irradiation for the specified site was 5.08 kWh/m²/day. The optimization findings for the suggested setup indicate a levelized cost of $0.227 per kWh across various system configurations. The hybrid PV-Hydrogen-Battery energy system generates 2437 kWh of power per day from two sources. Generic flat plate PV contribute almost 100%.