Simulation Studies on Slow Wave Structure Characteristics in Magnetically Insulated Line Oscillator

The Magnetically Insulated Line Oscillator (MILO) functions as a high-power microwave (HPM) radiator, known for its unique ability to generate a self-insulating magnetic field. An internal insulation barrier is formed by this self generated magnetic field, preventing electrical breakdown, which is crucial for achieving gigawatt-level operation. In this study, a MILO operating in the S-band frequency is designed, analysed, and optimized using simulations. The design includes a choke cavity, slow-wave structure, and extraction region. The disk is supported by four stubs, which are strategically placed to ensure impedance matching and enhance output power. The results, obtained using CST Studio's 3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulation method, show that the MILO generates an average output power of ~800MW at S-band frequency 350 kV as applied voltage and current of 29.5 kA. The variation of the slow-wave structure vanes is analysed. This analysis helps to understand how changes in the vane design impact the overall performance of the MILO, including factors such as energy conversion efficiency, impedance matching, and power output. By adjusting the geometry of the vanes, it is possible to optimize the device's operation to achieve better microwave generation and performance characteristics.