Dual-Gate Silicon Nanowires Sensor for Label-Free EGFR Protein Detection Based on Capacitive Coupling Operation and Maximum Threshold Voltage Response Calibration

The abnormal expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is closely associated with various types of cancer, making it an important biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis monitoring. However, traditional methods for detecting EGFR are often complex, time-consuming, and suffer from limited sensitivity. To address these challenges, we developed a biosensor based on a dual-gate silicon nanowires field-effect transistor (DGSiNWs FET). The signal amplification capability based on capacitive coupling effect was verified by pH response, and a calibration strategy based on Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model was proposed to reduce the difference between sensors and achieve accurate detection of EGFR protein. The sensor has a detection range of $10^{-1}-10^{6} \text{pg} / \text{mL}$ and exhibits good concentration dependence. Moreover, by using the maximum threshold voltage response for calibration, the difference between sensors is effectively reduced. Collectively, we provide a fast and easy method for detecting EGFR protein, which is expected to be used in cancer diagnosis and prognostic monitoring.