Spectrum Management and Interference Mitigation Between 5G and Satellite Services on Extended C-Band and mmWave: Enhancing National Revenue

The development of telecommunications technology has shown a dynamic trend, especially with the emergence of 5G mobile technology. Indonesia, a developing country with high connectivity needs, has allocated frequencies for 5G services, including the extended C-band (3.5 GHz) and the mmWave (26 GHz). However, the use of these frequencies can interfere with existing satellite services. Indonesia has gained access to these 5G frequencies at the World Radio Communication Conference. Implementing 5G in these bands can cause significant interference with satellite services, affecting operational sustainability and national revenue from the satellite sector. The sustainability of satellite services and the economic impact of interference require effective interference mitigation models. This study consisted of four phases. First, we present a review and analysis of published interference-mitigation models between 5G and satellite services. Second, data was collected from the Ministry of Communications and Digital, experts on satellites, mobile networks, and regulations through in-depth interviews. Third, the data collected and the interference mitigation models were integrated into the Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analyzing Tool (SEAMCAT). Fourth, we analyzed the impact of interference mitigation to enhance non-tax state revenue through a spectrum license fee. The aim was to produce an effective model to mitigate interference, maintain satellite service continuity, and support the implementation of 5G. This research contributes to telecommunications technology in Indonesia and potentially increases national revenue by optimizing usage frequency.