Cyber Attacks: The Dark Side of Electric Vehicles

Due to severe environmental factors, people and governments are shifting towards electrification of the transportation system. Being electric requires a great deal of involvement from different electrical and electronic components. This opens up a wide range of attack surfaces for attackers to get into and get control of the electric vehicles. Cybercriminals are capable of a wide variety of cyber attacks, such as DoS/DDoS, Sybil, Malware, FDiA, etc. This paper focuses on reviewing different types of cyberattacks that have happened and are possible in an EV. Such attacks can compromise critical functionalities like battery management systems, charging infrastructure, and vehicle communication networks. With the increasing adoption of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, the attack surface continues to expand, making EVs more susceptible to cyber threats. This paper is also backed up by a few of the case studies related to the attacks on electric cars.