Eye-Controlled Mouse Cursor and Adaptive Graphical User Interface for Disabled Individuals

The designed eye-controlled mouse cursor and adaptive graphical user interface (GUI) work to assist individuals with severe motor disabilities. Unlike conventional systems that rely on expensive EEG/EOG signal processing, this approach integrates open-source technology and locally sourced hardware to provide an affordable and accessible alternative to existing eye-tracking devices. The system utilizes real-time gaze tracking via a webcam or infrared camera, along with homography-based calibration, to interpret eye movements and blinks to simulate mouse control and GUI interaction. A customized Python-based interface offers intuitive navigation and auditory feedback to enhance the user experience. A comparative cost analysis reveals that this system is over 36 times more cost-effective than commercial alternatives, such as the Tobii Dynavox TD I-13, making it particularly viable for low-income regions.