Performance Analysis and Evaluation of Base Station Beams Supporting Low-Altitude UAVs

The rapid proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly referred to as drones, has generated considerable interest across both public and private sectors. Due to their high mobility, UAVs are increasingly regarded as effective tools for automating and streamlining tasks such as emergency search-and-rescue missions, crowd management, surveillance, as well as weather and traffic monitoring. To facilitate the growing low-altitude economy, it is essential to strengthen cellular network capabilities for UAV operations. Existing terrestrial communication infrastructures must be adapted to support UAV service requirements without compromising the quality of service for ground users. To facilitate the growth of the low-altitude economy, it is essential to improve cellular network capabilities for UAVs. Traditional terrestrial communication networks must be adapted to meet the demands of low-altitude UAVs while ensuring no disruption to ground users. This paper examines the beam performance of existing sub-6GHz ground base stations for low-altitude UAVs. Building on the measured data, the paper explores two distinct SSB modes and introduces an optimization strategy for SSB. By evaluating the performance of various beam configurations, the paper identifies the most effective scheme.