Design of a WPT System in Implantable Medical Devices with Bluetooth-Assisted Alignment

With the growing demand for implantable medical devices driven by an aging global population, power supply limitations have become a critical bottleneck. Conventional batteries restrict device lifespan and introduce risks associated with surgical replacement. Resonant magnetic coupling wireless power transfer (WPT) offers a promising solution, yet its efficiency is highly sensitive to coil alignment. This paper presents the development of a Bluetooth-assisted positioning system that integrates phase-based ranging (PBR) and round-trip time (RTT) technologies with Micro Processing Unit (MCU) processing to enhance alignment precision. Experimental results demonstrate improved charging performance in simulated biological conditions, thereby extending device longevity and expanding the applicability of WPT-enabled implants.