A Dynamic Link Allocation Strategy for Efficient Load Balancing in Multi-Layer Satellite Networks

This paper proposes a dynamic link allocation strategy for multi-layer satellite networks (MLSNs) to address link congestion and load imbalance in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) layer. By introducing dynamic and stable inter-orbital links (D-IOLs and S-IOLs), the algorithm dynamically adjusts link allocation to respond to sudden traffic changes while ensuring network stability. A greedy algorithm is employed for dynamic central satellite selection, while stable central satellites are optimized based on visibility time. The proposed framework achieves a balance between flexibility and stability by leveraging the complementary advantages of D-IOLs and S-IOLs. Additionally, global load balancing further enhances system performance by ensuring equitable traffic distribution across the network. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces link congestion and optimizes load distribution compared to traditional schemes and service-time-based schemes. Notably, the proposed method exhibits superior adaptability, load balancing, and congestion mitigation under high-load scenarios, offering valuable insights for advancing satellite communication systems.