Design and Analysis of Serrated Step Shaped Ultrawideband Patch Antenna for Automotive Applications

This paper presents hybrid step shaped serrated patch antenna for ultrawideband automotive applications. The proposed antenna is a defective ground antenna works at 3.1 to 10.6 GHz for ultrawideband applications. The simulation results demonstrate the obtained frequency are influenced by the structure of the patch. Overall, the study will provide valuable insights into design and optimization through iterative process for utilizing step sized structures for obtained desired frequency bands. The simulation results support the proposed work for being used for ultrawideband communication efficiency of $\mathbf{9 0 \%}$ and standard gain above 3db is in support to line proposed antenna works for real time scenario