Multiple beamforming of array antenna using quantum annealing

This paper proposes a novel method for controlling the directional pattern of array antennas using a quantum computer. Phase shifters are attached to each element of the array antenna, and the problem of controlling the directional pattern is formulated as a QUBO (Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization) format. The optimal weight coefficients of the phase shifters are determined using quantum annealing. It is shown that a high-gain beam is formed in the desired direction by the proposed method. Also, a formula for forming multiple beams has been proposed. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the executing time remains stable even as the number of antenna elements is increased. Effectiveness of the proposed method for high-speed control of large-scale array antennas is demonstrated.