Improving Agriculture Processes with Enhanced Centroid Localization Algorithm (ECLA) in Wireless Sensor Networks

Farming has been central to the growth of mankind and now with the ever-expanding population, there is need to enhance productivity. Smart technologies particularly Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), cloud computing and Internet of Things (IoT) are finding their way into modern agriculture for improved productivity, climate change management as well as effective and efficient use of resources. WSNs, especially, are important in collecting sensory information and analyzing it, forwarding them to base stations which help in decision making. Technologies such as GPS, satellite monitoring and aerial imagery that make up precision agriculture makes it easier for farmers to control crops, without polluting the environment hence enhancing production. Some of them are WSN position estimation which can be enhanced through an ECLA known as the Enhanced Centroid Localization Algorithm. In this manner, ECLA can achieve improved accuracy with a minimal consumption of resources, and it is particularly effective for energy-limited WSNs when it chooses the three nearest anchor nodes. From the experimental data, ECLA has a better coverage ratio compared to Zigbee or Adaptive Data Compression and better localization accuracy as well as better energy consumption compared to the above methods. These then are transforming the agriculture to make it productive, sustainable, and adapt to new conditions in production.