A Survey on Impedance-Based and Mechanical Sensing Techniques for Real -Time Fracture Healing Monitoring

Healing of Fractures is an intricate biological process which requires detailed monitoring to ensure fast and optimal recovery with implant stability. Recent technologies for assessing bone healing include impedance measurement. This paper includes exploration on two impedance-based techniques: A method that directly involves electrode contact with tissues for real time measurements and the other one utilizing a wireless method. Up until now, real time monitoring systems which consist of strain gauges and piezoelectric materials were examined for their potential of measuring and tracking mechanical load variations with bone regeneration procedure. With above technologies we aim to enhance the diagnosis efficiency and accuracy, provide continuous monitoring and provide early orthopedic treatments.