High-Precision Coherent Flash CCD 4D Imaging

We report a high-precision solid-state coherent flash 4D imaging system by directly leveraging mature chargecoupled device (CCD) sensors. In the proposed system, a highspeed MZM is employed to perform optical intensity modulation for range detection. When a step-frequency modulated optical signal flood-illuminates the scene, coherent detection is performed, from which spatial and velocity information of targets can be extracted. An experimental demonstration is performed. The experimental results exhibit that a depth precision as high as 8.0 mm and a velocity precision as high as 0.1 mm/s are demonstrated. The proposed flash CCD 4D imaging system holds unique advantages of high range and velocity, making it particularly wellsuited for critical applications such as real-time monitoring of material deposition processes, high-accuracy industrial inspection, and robust perception for autonomous driving systems.