Research of X-band T/R Module with High Receive Dynamic Range for Phased Array Radar System

The performance of the transmit/receive (T/R) module, as a core component in phased array radar systems, significantly affects the technical specifications of the entire system. This paper presents an X-band T/R up-conversion and down-conversion module design suitable for phased array radar applications. The transmit channel achieves up-conversion from L-band to X-band, while the receive channel implements down-conversion from X-band to L-band. By integrating three-stage Gain Block signal amplification and Automatic Gain Control technology, the system achieves a broad received power dynamic range, effectively addressing weak signal reception challenges and simplifying subsequent baseband signal processing implementation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed $T / R$ module exhibits 41.47 dB transmit power gain in X-band, 60 dB received power dynamic range, and local oscillator phase noise characteristics of $-100.20 \mathrm{dBc} / \mathrm{Hz} \text{@} 1 \mathrm{kHz}$ (carrier frequency: 9.4 GHz). This architecture demonstrates significant application potential in new-generation multifunctional phased array radar systems requiring high-fidelity signal acquisition, spanning both military and civilian domains.