Lightweight Cryptography for IoMT: A Survey on Node Authentication and Access Control Techniques for Attack Detection

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has revolutionized the modern healthcare by integrating medical devices and real-time patient monitoring into it. However, the limited resource environment in IoMT devices makes the deployment of strong security mechanisms a great challenge. In this paper, lightweight cryptography-based security mechanisms particularly for node authentication and access control in IoMT systems are analyzed. The particular security needs of IoMT systems are considered, and reviewed the new developments in lightweight cryptography for defending against specific cyber-attacks including impersonation, replay and unauthorized access. A comparison of current authentication protocols and access control technologies which evaluates computational cost, scalability, and attack tolerance is presented. The recent trends and future research directions on improving the resilience of IoMT networks with minimal overhead is also discussed. With the proliferation of IoMT usage, it is more important than ever for patient data to remain confidential and for the medical systems to function correctly. This paper focuses on the security versus device trade-offs, and presents cryptography tools that achieve a good trade-off between the strength obtained and the power, memory, and processing limitations. By examining the present situation and open challenges, this research work is an attempt to pave the way for designing next-generation lightweight cryptography for secure and efficient IoMT systems. This research is helpful for numerous scholars and medical experts to analyse the advantages and limitations of traditional authentication and access control models in IoMT and to design innovative solutions.