Development Trends in Biomedical Embedded Monitoring and Control

Embedded systems, comprising integrated hardware and software components, are designed to perform dedicated functions autonomously within specific application domains. In the healthcare and biomedical fields, these systems have become essential for enabling automation, enhancing diagnostic precision, and improving operational efficiency. This paper reviews the application of embedded systems in various medical devices, including physiological monitors, diagnostic imaging equipment, and portable health technologies. It further examines recent advancements in multi-parameter monitoring, embedded stethoscope design, and portable medical instrumentation. The integration of emerging technologies—such as the Internet of Things (IoT), contactless radar sensing, cloud computing, and telemedicine—demonstrates the expanding role of embedded systems in intelligent healthcare delivery. These technologies collectively support real-time monitoring, remote diagnosis, and datadriven clinical decision-making. The paper concludes by discussing future trends and challenges in biomedical embedded systems.