Design of a High-Gain Biconvex Non-Spherical Lens Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Communication Applications

This study introduces a biconvex non-spherical lens horn antenna designed for operation in the millimeterwave frequency range. Significant improvements were achieved by analyzing the phase relationship of the aperture field and iteratively adjusting the lens height. The lens, made of Teflon, serves as the medium in the form of a biconvex non-spherical lens. Through simulation analysis, it was found that the dielectric lens notably reduced the phase error in the antenna aperture field and increased the antenna gain. The antenna gain increased from 27.61 dB to 29.11 dB, with the dielectric lens reducing the antenna's 3 dB beamwidth. In cases where the maximum gain in the E-plane decreased by 3 dB, the sum of the absolute values on both sides decreased from 7.12° to 5.61°, and in the H -plane from 6.66° to 5.72°. The length of the antenna aperture field matches that of a standard horn antenna. Further optimization could lead to its application in millimeter-wave communication systems, demonstrating its significance in millimeter-wave antenna design research.