Analysis of Shock Wave Energy Characteristics of Pulse Discharge in Transformer Oil

The risk of explosion resulting from short-circuit faults inside transformers is a significant threat to the safe operation of power systems. Investigating the shock wave characteristics generated by pulse arc discharges in transformer oil holds critical theoretical and engineering significance for enhancing the damage resistance of transformers. In this study, a high-voltage experimental platform for discharge shock analysis in oil was developed, and the formation and propagation of shock waves in the oil were captured using high-speed cameras, pressure sensors, and other diagnostic equipment. The experimental results indicate that the pressure attenuation coefficient of the near-field shock wave, as observed in the imagery, ranges from 0.8 to 1.05, while the pressure attenuation coefficient of the far-field shock wave, as measured by the probe, ranges from 0.8 to 1.25. Energy calculations for the shock waves reveal that the energy of the primary shock wave is positively correlated with the energy deposition in the arc channel. In contrast, the secondary shock wave, primarily generated by the mechanical effects of bubble expansion and contraction, does not exhibit a direct dependence on the energy deposited in the arc channel.