A Novel 2D High-Frequency Discontinuous Galerkin Method with Phase Information for Scattering in Non-Smooth Inhomogeneous Media

Full-wave numerical methods for electromagnetic scattering require a high density of sampling points per wavelength. This leads to excessive computational costs in high-frequency modeling. Asymptotic and hybrid approaches have been developed to address these challenges by leveraging phase information. However, existing phase-based techniques struggle with non-smooth, inhomogeneous media due to numerical discretization at material interfaces and phase discontinuities. We build upon our previous work and present an optimized phase-informed hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (PI-HDG) method. This method combines the strengths of the HDG framework and phase information. It effectively captures phase variations at non-smooth, inhomogeneous interfaces while maintaining computational accuracy with fewer degrees of freedom. Numerical experiments validate its stability, convergence, and efficiency in 2D high-frequency electromagnetic modeling involving complex non-smooth inhomogeneous media. Specifically, in high-frequency modeling involving a coated target, we achieve an error of 1/31 compared with the reference finite element software, while the computational cost is approximately twice that of low-frequency modeling.