Anti-Counterfeiting Traceability Scheme Based on Encrypted QR Code and Digital Watermarking

Because of its fast response, large storage capacity and wide coding range, QR code has been widely used in anticounterfeiting traceability of products. Most of the existing twodimensional codes are encrypted by RSA algorithm, but with the rapid development of quantum computing, this kind of encryption technology has been proved to be unable to resist the attack of quantum computer. Therefore, this paper proposes an anticounterfeiting traceability scheme of encrypted QR code and digital watermarking based on LWE. First of all, the plaintext information is encrypted by the encryption algorithm based on LWE, and the encrypted information is encoded to generate QR code image. Then, a hybrid watermark embedding algorithm based on DCT-SVD-Arnold is proposed, in which the QR code image is transformed by block DCT transform, then each DC coefficient matrix is decomposed by SVD, and the appropriate embedding intensity factor is selected to embed the watermark according to the characteristics of human vision system. Finally, various attacks are carried out on the encrypted QR code with watermark and the digital watermark and QR code are extracted. The attack test results show that the digital watermark has strong invisibility and robustness, and the QR code can be decoded into plaintext information. The experimental results of anticounterfeiting traceability verify the feasibility of the scheme.