Monotonic and Oscillatory Shocks in Earth’s Ionospheric Nonthermal Plasmas

The nonlinear ion acoustic shock waves (IASWs, monotonic and oscillatory) in negative ion plasmas are explored in magnetized plasmas. Dynamic and warm ions of both polarity (positive and negative) are assumed, while the nonthermal electrons follow generalized ( $r,q$ ) distribution. The dissipation in the plasma system is admitted through the kinematic viscosities of ions. The Korteweg-de Vries burgers (KdVBs) equation is derived for the negative ion plasma using reductive perturbation method (RPM) and its analytical solution is presented. The oscillatory shock structure is obtained, and its necessary conditions for formation are discussed in negative ion plasmas (NIPs). The effects of variations of density, temperature of negative ions, temperature of positive ions, direction cosine $l_{z}$ , spectral indices r and q for the nonthermal electrons, and kinematic viscosities of positive and negative ions on the strength of the monotonic and oscillatory shock structures are drawn for illustration. These findings may be helpful to illustrate the plasmas observed in the D and F regions of Earth’s ionosphere.