C Rate Based Control of Hybrid Cell Battery Pack System by Dual Active Bridge DC DC Converter in Electric Vehicles

C-rate based loading optimizes charging/discharge in electric vehicle battery packs, enhancing performance and longevity. By dynamically adjusting C-rates for individual cells, energy delivery meets motor demands while minimizing stress. This approach addresses cell mismatches, reduces system losses, and improves efficiency, ensuring balanced operation and extended lifespan. The proposed hybrid cell battery pack system (HCB) with DAB DC-DC converters offers a cutting-edge solution for EV battery management. The system addresses critical challenges such as mismatch, energy efficiency, and cost by ensuring C-rate-based control of individual cells. This architecture could become a benchmark for future EV battery systems, balancing performance, reliability, and affordability. Index Terms-C-rate, SoC, Power dense, Energy dense, Electric vehicle, DAB, DC-DC bidirectional converter, Hybrid cell battery pack.