Cupid: Fast and Reliable Convergecast-Over-UWB Protocol for Dense Internet of Things

Concurrent transmission (CTX) has enabled lowpower and low-latency data collection over multihop, demonstrating high efficiency across various wireless technologies such as Zigbee, BLE, and ultra-wideband (UWB) radio. However, most existing CTX-based protocols use logical hop-distance-based scheduling without considering the physical distances or the unique phenomenon of concurrent transmission, which may lead to frequent retransmissions. To further enhance the speed and reliability of data collection, we propose Cupid, an ultra-fast and reliable convergecast for multihop UWB wireless network that leverages in-band ranging, intra-hop grouping, and role differentiation within its collection topology to achieve its goals. Extensive evaluation via real experiments on a 36-node UWB testbed demonstrate that Cupid outperforms Weaver, a state-of-the-art UWB-based many-to-one data collection protocol, reducing latency by up to $\sim 29 {\%}$ while providing higher reliability and throughput across diverse application scenarios.