Electromechanical Characteristics Analysis of DFIG Based Wind Turbine with Grid-following and Grid-forming Control

Grid-forming control (GFM) as an alternative to grid-following control (GFL) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Leveraging the inherent grid-friendly characteristics of GFM can ensure the effective stable operation of wind turbines (WTs) under complex grid conditions. However, current research primarily focuses on the dynamic interaction between the grid and WT, with minimal attention paid to the fact that GFM enhances the coupling between grid and mechanical components of WT. To investigate the impact of GFM on the electromechanical characteristics of WT, the comparative analysis was conducted using the Bladed + RTDS real-time co-simulation platform. This analysis examined differences between the GFL wind turbine (GFL-WT) and GFM wind turbine (GFM-WT) under the effect of turbulent wind and grid-side perturbation, and assessed various factors including the blade flapwise, blade edgewise, tower fore-aft, tower side-side, drivetrain torsional vibration, and electrical characteristics of WT. The findings revealed that GFM-WT displayed poorer mechanical-friendliness compared to GFL-WT.