Fortifying Cloud Security: A Comprehensive Analysis of Data Encryption Techniques

Cloud computing has revolutionized data processing and storage by offering incredibly versatile and scalable options; however, security concerns remain a major challenge, particularly in safeguarding sensitive information. This paper explores various cloud data encryption techniques to enhance data security in cloud environments. It provides a comparative analysis of encryption methodologies, including symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic approaches, homomorphic encryption, and attribute-based encryption. Additionally, the paper examines security challenges at different layers of cloud computing, highlighting risks such as data breaches, unauthorized access, and integrity threats. Through a structured evaluation of algorithm for encryption such as AES, RSA, ECC, and hybrid approaches—this study identifies their strengths, limitations, and applicability in different cloud security scenarios. The findings emphasize the need for robust encryption mechanisms to safeguard privacy, reliability and accessibility of data stored in cloud, thereby addressing key security concerns and enabling safer cloud adoption.