Assessment of Monitoring Data and Performance of a 4.5 kWp Residential Rooftop Solar PV System in Surabaya, Indonesia

This study presents a performance analysis of a 4.5 kWp residential rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system installed in Surabaya, Indonesia. The system, comprising monocrystalline modules, a high-efficiency inverter, and an export-import energy meter, was monitored, recorded, and analyzed over a full year using the iSolarCloud platform. Daily energy outputs ranged from 7.2 kWh to 25.5 kWh, with an annual yield of 6,122 kWh and a specific energy output of 1,360 kWh/kWp. Seasonal and weather-related variations were significant, with performance on sunny days averaging 23.2 kWh and dropping to 7 kWh on rainy days. The study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and the impact of environmental conditions on PV performance. The study underscores the importance of understanding and anticipating seasonal and daily weather patterns to optimize the efficiency and reliability of PV systems. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing urban PV installations and supporting Indonesia's efforts toward sustainable energy adoption.