Seafarers' Distraction: A Multi-Factorial Analysis of Behaviors, EEG Activities, and Environmental Influences

Seafarers' distraction is a major safety hazard. However, there is a lack of research on seafarers' distraction during real navigation. To fill the gap, this study conducted a naturalistic observation of seafarers' activities during real navigation. A series of seafarers' distracted behaviors, including chatting, using smart phone, leaving without the permission, etc., were identified and recorded. Seafarers' demographics, navigation data, EEG activities and video data were also collected. Significant analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple logit regression analysis were used subsequently to explore the multiple influencing factors of seafarers' distracted behaviors. The results indicate that seafarer distraction is widespread, significantly influenced by work duty, present navigation task and work time period. When the seafarer distracted, their EEG power of the alpha, beta, and theta bands would increase, which can help identify distraction. This study can provide guidance for reducing seafarers' distraction and improving navigation safety, i.e., design targeted safety training, improve night shift arrangements, and ensure rest schedules.