Lifetime Prolongation and Enhanced Packet Delivery Ratio Using Osprey Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of many hardware constrained sensor nodes that checks the external conditions to collect data and holds on to it for further analysis. Even with their flexible adhoc nature, managing WSNs introduces significant challenges due to widespread implementation and concerns regarding aspects such as resource allocation, scalability, and reliability. One common approach to managing network topology is clustering which organises sensor nodes into groups to enhance network performance. Each cluster typically includes several sensor nodes and is overseen by one or more cluster heads (CHs) which are responsible for data aggregation, processing, communication, and coordination within the cluster. In this paper the selection of Cluster head is optimised using Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA) with simulations carried out in MATLAB, Quality of Service (QoS)metrics such as residual energy, network lifespan, packet delivery ratio and total packets received are evaluated and benchmarked against results obtained using Particle Swarm Algorithm. The findings demonstrate that the proposed OOA approach boosts the packet delivery ratio and extends network lifespan, thereby improving the overall efficiency of WSN.