Two-Layered Ultra-Wideband and High-Gain Metamaterial Antenna for 5G Ka-Band Applications Using the Mountain Gazelle Optimizer

As the demand for higher speed telecommunications is growing faster and faster, telecommunications systems operating in higher frequencies are increasingly deployed. In this paper, a 5 G two-layered antenna with high-gain of 11.25 dB and ultra-wideband properties in the Ka-Band (bandwidth of 10 GHz, from 32.89 to 42.72 GHz) is proposed. This metamaterial antenna design is composed of a substrate and a superstrate, separated by an air gap, and a radiation element consisting of a central large patch, and a set of parasitic patches around it. The final design is the result of an optimization process, with the goal of achieving ultra-wideband properties, while maintaining the high-gain characteristic, in the 5 G Ka -Band. The Mountain Gazelle algorithm was used as an optimizer, due to its outstanding performance in latest research, as also confirmed from the optimal result produced in this research, which successfully operates from 32.89 to 42.72 GHz, while maintaining a high realized gain response, 11.25 dB.