Modeling and Optimization of Energy-Efficient Zone for Wind Turbines for Time-Variable Wind Speeds

This work addresses the identification of the energy-optimal operating region for wind turbines operating under non-constant wind speed conditions. Given the substantial influence that temporal wind speed variation exerts on turbine efficiency, two contrasting scenarios are examined: an idealized case involving sinusoidal wind speed variation over time, and a real-world scenario using measured wind data from the Dobrogea area in Romania. A mathematical framework based on the angular momentum equation is employed to track the time evolution of the turbine's mechanical angular velocity and to locate the Maximum Power Point (MPP). The proposed methodology allows for the estimation of the optimal rotor speed that yields the highest energy output. Additionally, the analysis considers the role of system inertia in dynamic behavior. Comparative simulation results reveal noticeable efficiency differences between the ideal and measured conditions, emphasizing the need for tailored turbine control strategies. The conclusions offer valuable guidance for enhancing the performance of wind power systems in regions characterized by highly variable wind patterns.