Design, Simulation and Interfacing of Add-On Circuit (STRETCH: SoC-Tracking Range-Extender Attachment) for E-Scooters

This work focuses on improving the distance e-scooters can travel on a single charge by developing a smart energy management system. The work completed so far involves the creation of a detailed simulation model in MATLAB-Simulink to study the e-scooter's electrical and mechanical performance. A dynamic current-limiting algorithm was designed and tested within the simulation environment. The algorithm adjusts the power delivered to the motor based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) and operates in three modes—Normal, Eco, and Ultra Eco. Normal Mode allows full power when the battery is above 50%, while Eco and Ultra Eco Modes progressively limit power as the battery level drops to conserve energy. The simulation results demonstrate that the algorithm can significantly improve the range of the e-scooter by managing energy use efficiently. By conserving energy when the battery is low, the system ensures the scooter can travel farther without manual intervention. These findings address the key limitation of the limited range of e-scooters, making them more practical for daily commutes. This paper discusses the circuit development, schematic and PCB design, and physical testing of the add-on device.