Arduino-Based Dual-Axis Solar Tracker with Weather Condition Monitoring to Enhance Agricultural Energy Efficiency

Efficient energy systems are vital for optimizing agricultural systems such as irrigation, greenhouse automation, and crop management. To meet these energy needs, an Arduino-Powered dual-axis solar tracking system is designed along with weather condition monitoring. The servo motors change the solar panel’s position to capture maximum sunlight, which is detected by light-dependent resistors (LDRs) placed around the solar panel. Moreover, sensors are added to monitor variables like temperature, humidity, and rainfall, aiding in agricultural management and providing real-time data on an LCD for monitoring. It tracks sunlight from several directions, maximizing energy production. Compared to fixed solar panels, this proposed dual-axis tracking system creates up to 30-40% more energy output, which performs better with a low-cost installation. The real-time data has been sent to the farmer’s mobile number from the GSM modem.