Air Pollution Control and Monitoring in Smart Cities

Urban air pollution generates serious threats to public health and sustainability. This project constructs an IoT-based sensor network for real-time monitoring of air quality using MQ135 sensors. The system is 95% accurate in sensing pollutants such as CO₂, VOCs, and ammonia, making it possible for high-resolution mapping. For accuracy, multi-step calibration is utilized, with reference-grade monitors, noise filtering (moving averages, Kalman filters), and self-diagnostics for long-term reliability. Verification against measured CO emissions (e.g.,27.536 ppm at 20 km/hr, 4.825 ppm at 200 km/hr) ensures reliability. Cloud and IoT connectivity optimize performance, with real-time notifications and supporting policymakers in pollution control for more intelligent, healthier cities.