Joint Frequency and 2D DOA Estimation Using Sparse Co-Prime Array and Tensor Decomposition

This paper addresses the parameter estimation problem for multiple narrowband far-field signals with different carrier frequencies. A sparse array-based delay receiver architecture is proposed, along with a joint frequency and 2D DOA estimation method. First, a tensor-based signal reception model is developed to effectively preserve the structural characteristics of the original signal. Next, a tensor completion algorithm is applied to reconstruct the missing sensor position data, fully leveraging information from all virtual arrays. Finally, by deriving and decomposing the complete covariance tensor, we obtain estimates of the signal's frequency and 2D DOA. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves better parameter estimation accuracy compared to traditional methods.