Energy Management Strategies for Optimal Performance of ESS Supported Fuel Cell-Hybrid Electric Vehicles

The alarming effects of global emissions, apart from increasing awareness of environmental protection, have driven researchers and manufacturers to focus on developing low-emission and fuel-efficient vehicles as alternatives to conventional ICE vehicles. Among these, the FC-HEV represents a hopeful solution that may significantly revolutionize the automobile industry. By hybridizing fuel cells with energy storage systems like batteries and supercapacitors, FC-HEVs have secured a number of advantages in fuel economy, cost efficiency, and vehicle performance. The optimal performance can be achieved through an effective Energy Management Strategy that minimizes fuel consumption under various constraints within the system. The paper reviews the literature concerning the optimization methodology on energy management in FC-HEVs, offering an overview of the configurations of FCHEVs and their power system architecture. Further, some key challenges and issues relevant to the development of an optimal EMS for FCHEVs are discussed and provide insight into future advancements within this field.