Implementing Zero Trust Architecture for Securing Financial Transactions in Banking Apps Using Homomorphic Encryption and Advanced Access Control Algorithms

Due to the increased use of banking applications in handling the financial budged on behalf of their users the emergence of security measures to enhance the protection of user data has been deemed necessary due to the hiked levels of cyber threats. This means that traditional security models lack the ability to offer solutions to complex security problems including today's advanced cyber threats and internal threats. That is why this research aims to explore the possibilities of utilizing Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) in protecting the banking applications’ financial transactions, based on the famous motto “never trust, always verify.” Pivotal in this approach is the remarks that it is possible to compute on encrypted data without necessarily decrypting the data to maintain confidentiality in the most advanced way. Different levels of access control are utilised such as role based and attribute based to prevent illegitimate access, maintain top level accountability and precision of permission. Compared to similar solutions, the proposed framework responds to emerging threats by constantly performing validation of users, devices and transactions based on contextual information. The use of a range of examples and the calculation of scenarios and cases illustrates that the described frame work efficiently counteracts risks such as data leaks, phishing, and privilege escalation. Through an integration of ZTA along with modern cryptographic methods, this work presents a scalable and robust approach towards protecting financial transactions. The results suggest that this approach can produce positive changes in the concept of security coupled with the new sense of reliability for users and financial institutions involved in the apps development.