Prediction and compensation of position and attitude deviation of ultra-large scale antenna arrays for space solar power station

Microwave wireless power transmission (WPT) between space and ground is one of the key components of the demonstration project for space solar power stations. The space microwave wireless power transmission subarray serves as the transmitting end of the wireless power transmission system and plays a pivotal role within the system. In the microwave power transmission array, to ensure effective subarray beam synthesis and accurate antenna beam pointing, it is essential to strictly control the phase and amplitude consistency of all phased subarrays. However, in the space environment, the response of radio frequency (RF) circuits in each channel to temperature variations and the inherent drift of array modules can impact the formation of the ideal beam. Therefore, calibration and compensation are critical in microwave power transmission. This paper proposes an error prediction and compensation design for microwave power transmission array modules. By employing spatial-temporal series forecasting techniques from artificial intelligence, structural array surface deformations are predicted in advance. The phased array beam controller then calculates phase shift values to enable rapid compensation. Experimental validation demonstrates that this method effectively improves the alignment of the power beam center, providing preliminary technical support for the future development and construction of space solar power stations.