High-Efficiency Single-Stage Primary-Side Feedback Flyback Converter with Enhanced Power Factor Correction for LED Lighting Systems

This paper presents the design, analysis, and experimental validation of a high-efficiency single-stage primary-side feedback flyback converter specifically optimized for LED lighting applications. The converter leverages primary-side regulation techniques to achieve constant output voltage control without the need for secondary-side feedback components, such as optocouplers, effectively minimizing circuit complexity, size, and manufacturing costs. The proposed approach integrates variable switching frequency and adaptive valley switching methods to significantly reduce switching losses and electromagnetic interference (EMI). Operating in boundary conduction mode (BCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), the converter demonstrates robust performance under wide input voltage variations from 90V to 277V AC, maintaining high efficiency and exceptional power factor correction (PFC). Extensive simulations performed using SIMetrix/SIMPLIS validate the theoretical analysis, which is further supported by practical measurements. Experimental results indicate peak efficiency exceeding 92%, with a maximum measured power factor of approximately 0.997 under full-load conditions. This research not only addresses critical challenges in reducing energy consumption and environmental impact associated with electronic waste but also offers a detailed step-by-step design methodology for real-world deployment. Consequently, the findings provide significant insights and practical guidance for developing advanced, compact, and reliable flyback converters suitable for next-generation energy-efficient lighting solutions.