Decentralized Q Control for Photovoltaic Generation Systems in Distribution Systems Using IEC61850 GOOSE

Photovoltaic Generation Systems (PVGSs) in distribution systems could cause significant voltage variations, leading to serious power quality problems. Therefore, implementing reactive power (Q) control to stabilize feeder voltages is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed for distribution feeders with high-penetration PVGSs. This paper proposes a decentralized Q control for PVGSs for distribution systems. The proposed Q control strategy treats smart inverters of PVGSs as Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) and utilizes the Generic Object-Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) of the IEC 61850 protocol to exchange power information among PVGSs in a distribution feeder. The sensitivity relations between Q of PVGSs and bus voltages are then derived and used to realize decentralized Q control with GOOSE. Simulation results show that the proposed decentralized Q control strategy can keep voltage variations below 1%, even for a distribution feeder with high-penetration PVGSs. In contrast, the voltage variations exceed 5% without Q control, highlighting the advantages of the proposed method.