GTFD Protocol for Fault-detection and Self-stabilization in Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensor devices are prone to errors and sudden node failures, which are difficult to detect in a timely manner when deployed in real-time, hazardous, large-scale harsh environments and in medical emergencies. Therefore, the loss of data can be life-threatening when the sensed phenomenon is not disseminated due to sudden node failure, battery depletion or temporary malfunctioning. We introduce a set of partial differential equations for localizing faults, like Green’s and Maxwell’s equation used in electrostatics and electromagnetism. We introduce a node organization and clustering scheme for self-stabilizing sensor networks. Green’s theorem is applied to regions where the curve is closed and continuously differentiable to ensure network connectivity. Experimental results show that the proposed Green’s Theorem Fault-Detection (GTFD) protocol not only detects faulty nodes but also accurately generates network stability graphs where urgent intervention is required for self-stabilizing the network dynamically.