Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.