Design of Uniform Magnetic Field Coil for Miniaturized Atomic Sensors Considering the Thermal Effect

This article proposes a design method based on a multiobjective optimization strategy considering the thermal effect for uniform magnetic field coil (UMFC), which is used to provide working magnetic fields for miniaturized atomic sensors and compensate for stray magnetic fields generated by the environment and interior components of the sensor. With the volume reduction of atomic sensors, the uniformity and thermal effects of UMFC will decrease and increase, respectively, which is detrimental to the performance of the sensor. Therefore, to improve the magnetic field uniformity of UMFC and reduce heat generation, an optimized target field method combining nondominated sorting genetic algorithm III (NSGA-III) is proposed, in which the uniformity error function and thermal power function of the UMFC are taken as design objectives. The experimental results show that the uniformity and temperature of the coil designed by the proposed method are 0.0432% and 316.5 K, respectively, which are of high performance and meet the operation requirement of the atomic sensor.