Review on Transmission Power Grid Hardening Strategies against Hurricane-Induced Adverse Weather Conditions

In recent years, the increasing frequency of High Impact Low Probability (HILP) natural disasters, such as hurricanes, has raised serious concerns. These events often lead to widespread power outages, leaving millions without electricity and causing substantial economic losses. Transmission infrastructures, including lines, insulators, and towers, are particularly vulnerable to the harsh conditions brought on by such events, resulting in interruptions to the continuous power delivery. In this context, this paper explores the root causes of large-scale outages, focusing specifically on transmission system failures in the presence of extreme wind surges during hurricanes. Based on the literature review, this paper highlights the necessity of adopting grid hardening measures. To mitigate hurricane-induced power disruptions, the paper finally presents an overview of resilient design approaches and reinforcement strategies for the abovementioned transmission components.