Efficient Post-Quantum Cryptographic Hardware for Healthcare Applications

In light of rapid progress in quantum computing, Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) for healthcare/health-monitoring devices has gained substantial attention from the community recently as the existing cryptosystems are proven to be vulnerable to quantum attacks. Following the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) PQC standardization process, this paper seeks to develop an efficient hardware implementation for Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) (a key component for NIST-selected PQC) on healthcare devices for emerging applications. Specifically, we target to design an efficient NTT on a resource-constrained FPGA platform to simulate the potential healthcare device application scenario. The proposed design architecture, implementation results, and comparison are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design. Discussions and future research are also provided. We hope the outcome of this work can impact the field of PQC for healthcare/health-monitoring applications.