Design of the Upper Computer for a Mine Energy Storage System Based on PyQt5 and Modbus-RTU Communication Implementation

Mine energy storage systems are crucial for emergency power supply, energy dispatching, and intelligent maintenance in mining operations. Existing solutions often lack robust monitoring, stable communication, and efficient data management. This paper presents a PyQt5-based upper computer that communicates with field devices via a custom Modbus‑RTU module and stores data in an SQLite database. A three‑tier architecture—comprising field hardware, the upper computer, and a mobile terminal—is introduced. Detailed design and implementation of the SerialCommunication module, semaphore‑based multithreading, and data storage are described. Simulation results demonstrate an average request‑response latency of 47.45 ms with zero packet loss and a database query time of 0.16 ms per 1,000 records, validating system reliability under high concurrency.