Scalable Metamaterial Antenna Arrays with Reduced Mutual Coupling for Swap-Constrained Applications

This paper presents scalable metamaterial arrays (MMAs) featuring point-symmetric, dimensionally optimized meander-line (ML) complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) to reduce mutual coupling between closely spaced microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) at 5.8 GHz. The compact design enables reduced form factors for size, weight, and power (SWaP) constrained applications while enhancing signal-to-noise ratio and electronic beam steering by accommodating more elements in a fixed area. Simulations conducted using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS, ANSYS Inc.) and Advanced Design System (ADS, Keysight Inc.). MMAs offer polarization reconfiguration and adjustable element spacing, providing design flexibility while maintaining area efficiency. To validate simulations, $2 \times 2$ reference and MMAs were fabricated using standard PCB processes and characterized. Measurements closely matched simulations, with an MMA size reduction of 431 % compared to reference arrays and a realized gain of 6.22 dB for 4 element MMAs. These MMA architectures are expected to benefit compact wireless RF systems in both defense and commercial sectors, including radar and communication applications.