Analysis of the Impacts of EV Charging Load on Distribution Networks and Coping Strategies

This paper first analyzes the characteristics of electric vehicle (EV) charging loads, including the uncertainty of charging time, diversity in charging power, and randomness of charging behavior 12. Subsequently, it investigates the impacts of EV charging loads on distribution networks, such as overloading of distribution transformers, voltage fluctuations in power lines, and increased network losses. To address these challenges, multiple strategies are proposed Smart charging management systems to dynamically adjust charging schedules based on grid conditions; Integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage systems to balance load fluctuations and enhance grid resilience; Optimized load forecasting and scheduling using Monte Carlo simulations and behavioral analysis to reduce prediction errors.Case studies demonstrate that these strategies effectively mitigate negative impacts, improving grid reliability and stability by flattening peak loads and reducing voltage deviations. The findings provide actionable insights for planning EV charging infrastructure and designing adaptive distribution networks.