A Novel Tuning Method of IMC-PID Controller for the Vertical Take-Off and Landing Aircraft System

Aerodynamics is focused on Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) aircrafts because of their unique dynamic techniques compared to conventional aircrafts. By producing less noise and no emissions, e-VTOLs (electric VTOLs) have outperformed one of the limitations of VTOLs. The control systems are responsible for the aircraft's stability, and their design strategies are chosen in accordance with the aircraft's unique characteristics. In this work, the control system is designed using a mathematical model of a VTOL system. A PI controller controls the inner loop actuator dynamics of the control system, whereas a PID controller controls the outer loop. The PID controller tuned by conventional IMC-PID controller tuning method shows high oscillatory response for the VTOL pitch control system. Hence, PID controller is cascaded by a second order filter. A novel tuning method is proposed to get the smooth response. The proposed scheme shows better transient response compared to conventional IMC-PID controller tuning method for the VTOL pitch dynamics control system. Simulation results are presented to show the performance improvement of proposed Enhance IMC-PID control scheme.